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The Daily Conversation ---世界十大最长的隧道
發佈日期：2015年8月28日
The ten longest railway tunnels in the world, inspired by Switzerland's recently completed tunnel which set a new record.
10. Iwate-Ichinohe (Japan) Length: 16.0 mi (25.8 km)
When Japan’s Iwate-Ichinohe opened in 2002 it claimed the title of world’s longest land-based railway tunnel. Part of the Tohoku Shinkansen high speed rail line, it passes through hilly terrain near the Kitakami and Ou mountains.
9. Hakkoda (Japan) Length: 16.4 mi (26.5 km)
The ninth longest railway tunnel is also on Japan’s high speed rail line. Shooting through the Hakkoda mountain range, the Hakkoda tunnel is the world’s longest operating double-tracked land-based tunnel, and for two months held the overall title of world’s longest terrestrial tunnel until it was surpassed by the fifth ranked tunnel on this list.
8. Taihang (China) Length: 17.3 mi (27.9 km)
Part of China’s mind-boggling 20,000 kilometers of operating high speed rail lines, the Taihang tunnel connects the capital of Hebei province with the capital of Shanxi province through the Taihang mountains, cutting travel time between the two cities from almost six hours to just one.
7. Guadarrama (Spain) Length: 17.6 mi (28.4 km)
The Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range in the Iberian peninsula is home to Spain’s longest railway tunnel, the double-tube Guadarrama. Which carries high speed rail passengers on their way to Madrid through 28 miles of darkness. over 28 miles through the dark.
6. Guanjiao (China) Length: 20.3 mi (32.6 km)
China’s longest railway tunnel -- and the sixth longest on this list -- is the Guanjiao which opened last December after seven long years of high altitude construction at more than 10,000 feet above sea level, because this line impressively traverses the Tibetan Plateau.
5. Koralm (Austria) Length: 20.4 mi (32.9 km)
Although it won’t be operational until 2022, Austria’s Koralm MEGA-Tunnel demands mentioning on this list. It’s two parallel tunnels will at times run at depths of more than 4,000 feet below ground. That’s a whole lotta mountain!
4. Lötschberg Base Tunnel (Switzerland) Length: 21.5 mi (34.6 km)
And the current titleholder for world’s longest land tunnel is the LBT, passing through the Alps of Switzerland. About 110 trains use the Lötschberg every day, 80 of them freight. The LBT actually sits some 400 meters below the original Lötschberg Tunnel, which is over a century old, but still fully operational.
3. Eurotunnel (France-UK) Length: 31.4 mi (50.5 km)
The top three tunnels are in a class of their own, starting with the Chunnel which connects the United Kingdom with the European mainland in France under the English Channel. The Channel Tunnel carries both Eurostar passenger trains and the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles and has the longest undersea section of any tunnel in the world.
2. Seikan (Japan) Length: 33.5 mi (53.9 km)
Completed in 1988, the world’s second-longest tunnel is the Seikan tunnel, which connects the main Japanese island of Honshu with the northern island of Hokkaido beneath the Tsugaru Strait. The track level is about 100 meters below the seafloor.
1. Gotthard (Switzerland) Length: 35.5 mi (57.1 km)
And the longest tunnel in the world, set to be fully operational in 2016, is Switzerland’s Gotthard Base Tunnel. It’s main purpose is to increase total transport capacity across the Alps, especially for freight, and to shift freight volumes from road to rail to reduce fatal accidents and environmental damage caused by ever-increasing numbers of heavy trucks.

10.岩手一户（日本）长度：16.0英里（25.8公里）
当日本的岩手一户于2002年开业它声称世界上最长的陆上铁路隧道的称号。东北新干线高速铁路线的一部分，它经过的附近北上和欧山区丘陵地形通过。
9.八甲田（日本）长度：16.4英里（26.5公里）
第九最长的铁路隧道也是对日本的高速铁路线。通过八甲田山脉拍摄，八甲田隧道是世界上最长的经营复线陆上隧道，两个月举办世界上最长的陆地隧道的总冠军，直到它被超越这个名单上的第五个排名隧道。
8.太行（中国）长度：17.3英里（27.9公里）
中国的令人难以置信的20000公里运营的高速铁路线的组成部分，太行山隧道河北省的省会与陕西省通过太行山资本连接，切断这两个城市之间的旅行时间从近六小时，只有一个。
7，瓜达拉马（西班牙）长度：17.6英里（28.4公里）
塞拉利昂日瓜达拉马山脉在伊比利亚半岛是家庭对西班牙的最长的铁路隧道，双管瓜达拉马。它携带通过28英里黑暗自己的方式来马德里的高铁旅客。在28英里穿越黑暗。
6.官轿（中国）长度：20.3英里（32.6公里）
中国最长的铁路隧道 - 和第六最长的这份榜单上 - 这是去年12月开业后七年之久高空建筑超过10,000英尺以上的海平面，因为这条线赫然穿越青藏高原的官轿。
5. Koralm（奥地利）长度：20.4英里（32.9公里）
虽然这不会是作战直到2022年，奥地利的Koralm MEGA-隧道的需求提这个名单上。这是两条平行隧道将在次深度超过4000英尺的地面运行。这是一个整体洛塔山！
4.勒奇山基线隧道（瑞士）长度：21.5英里（34.6公里）
而目前的冠军保持者为世界上最长的陆地隧道是LBT，经过瑞士的阿尔卑斯山。每天约有110列车使用的勒奇山，运费80人。该LBT居然坐在低于原勒奇山隧道，这是百年以上的有400米，但仍全面运作。
3.英法海底隧道（法国，英国）长度：31.4英里（50.5公里）
前三名的隧道是在自己的类，从它连接英国与欧洲大陆的法国英吉利海峡下Chunnel。英吉利海峡隧道同时携带欧洲之星客运列车和欧洲隧道穿梭的公路车辆和在世界上任何一个隧道中最长的海底部分。
2.青函（日本）长度：33.5英里（53.9公里）
完成于1988年，是世界上第二长的隧道是青函隧道，它本州的主要日本岛与北海道北部岛屿的津轻海峡底下连接。这条赛道级海底以下约100米。
1.圣哥达（瑞士）长度：35.5英里例（57.1公里）
而最长的隧道在世界上，设置为完全运行于2016年，是瑞士的圣哥达基础隧道。它的主要目的是增加总运输能力穿越阿尔卑斯山，尤其是货运，并从路面转移货运量铁路，以减少致命事故和环境破坏所造成的不断增加的重型卡车的数量。